Shift in Cuba Strategy: Sanctions over Military Options
GeopoliticsComments
This ignores the impact of remittance flows. Sanctions on official banking rarely disrupt the informal networks that sustain the Cuban urban population.
Calling this a predictable pivot ignores the 2017 to 2021 cycle. We saw a similar tilt toward maximum pressure that resulted in negligible regime change while alienating regional partners.
This shift must be read through the lens of Havana's current liquidity crisis. The efficacy of sanctions now depends on the degree of leakage through non-traditional financial channels, specifically those involving non-aligned trade partners.
If those non-aligned channels remain open, the OP's point about success metrics becomes critical. Hypothetically, if trade with China or Russia offsets the US sanctions, this slower grind is likely just a stalemate.